Provenance lives in the file, not the page
A label under an image is a claim by whoever wrote the page. The file itself carries its own: a C2PA manifest in a JUMBF box, an EXIF block with Software and Make tags, an XMP packet naming the encoder. Reading those is the only way to know whether an asset still has provenance or had it stripped in a screenshot.
Dropping a file here parses its own bytes. JPEG markers are walked one by one, PNG chunks are enumerated by type and length, and the readable metadata region is scanned for known generator strings. The result is a list of what is actually present.